The arthrosis of the knee joint is an inflammatory disease of the intra -articular cartilage, with progressive degenerative disorders of its structure and functions.This disease is very common among elderly women, as well as professional athletes, even at a young age.
Many believe that the development of osteoarthritis is associated with an excess of salt, but in reality the salt deposits have nothing to do with the arthrosis of the knee joint.
Reasons
If arthrosis occurs without reason, then it is called idiopathic or primary.But if the development of arthrosis has been influenced by pathological processes in the body or in the disease, this form is called secondary.The following factors can influence its development:
- Elderly.
- Genetic predisposition.
- Traumatic damage to the knee.
- Excessive load of the knee.
- Constants of pressing and repetition of microtrauma - shots and so on.
- Inflammatory diseases of the joints and muscles: arthritis, synovitis, bursitis, myosite, tendonitis, lymphadenitis.
- Inflammatory processes in the body.
- Viral, fungal and infectious diseases.
- Metabolism disorders.
- Excess weight.
- Deficiency of football in the body.
- Hypothermia.
- Congenital deformations of the knee joint.
Athletes and people who are often subject to strong physical activity and subject to knee joint are subject to arthrosis.These are teachers, removals, manufacturers, teachers and so on.
Peculiarity
Before treatment or detection of specific symptoms of the arthrosis of the knee joint, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of this disease.
The joint surfaces of human bones are covered with cartilage.In some joints, as well as in the knees, the menisci are the layers of cartilage that act as shock absorbers.The internal lubricant is a synovial fluid produced in our body.
When the knee joint is affected, a change occurs in the development of interval lubrication.The cartilage partially or completely abrasion.The body is trying to cope with this violation, as well as reducing pain.When the disease advances, the joint is deformed, the bones begin to expand due to osteophytes.This condition occurs only in advanced cases.The surface of the bones is irregular and does not adapt to each other.The result is limited mobility.
Symptoms
The first symptom with arthrosis of the knee joint is the pain that can occur after prolonged physical activity or constantly stress.Its nature is diversified, often pain intensifies in the evening or at night, preventing a person from falling asleep, which leads to a violation of normal life.At this stage, you should visit a doctor.
There are three levels of arthrosis of the knee joint, each of which has its own characteristics.In the first phase, the pain is not easy and in many people it passes by itself.Furthermore, there is discomfort and an insignificant recurring edema.This will require a certain treatment: laser therapy and other physiotherapy procedures.
In the second phase, the symptoms are complicated, a deterioration of mobility is added to everything above and the pain intensifies.A slight bleeding can also occur.
In this case, laser therapy and the prescription of drugs by a doctor can help.Otherwise, the pain will intensify constantly and the third degree of the disease will arrive.In the third phase, the integrity of the cartilage is radically violated, until destruction.The painful feelings are constant, a person cannot normally take a walk.Arresting the stairs is a real problem, the joints swell.Various pathologies are observed during the movement, trembling with the limbs.
In addition, with arthrosis, the redness of the skin appears on the knee and touching them you can find an inflammatory process.This occurs due to the internal bleeding caused by the breaking of the blood vessels or veins.If this cosmetic defect is very evident, remove it with a laser.
In the last phases, a person becomes unstable because of muscle weakness and other defects.Walking is possible only with a stick and only in short distances.This ends with the deformation of the knee, which even the laser cannot correct.The person becomes immobile.
Diagnostics
The diagnosis of arthrosis of the knee joint may include:
- Analysis of clinical symptoms.
- General and biochemical blood tests.
- X -raggi.
- Computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging.
- Storage (ultrasound of the joint).
- Arthroscopy, biopsy and biochemical studies of synovial fluid.
Treatment
Many people are perplexed by the treatment of this disease.The arsenal of drugs is very large, their uncontrolled use is impossible.
If abuse of arthritis medicines, you can buy a stomach ulcer.You can also aggravate the arthrosis of the knee joint.
The doctor prescribes for the first time to patients anti -anti -inflammatory drugs, which, together with inflammation, also relieve pain.But the treatment does not end there.Extended physical exercises, physiotherapy.Special therapeutic gymnastics is chosen by a doctor who provides the maximum therapeutic effect.
Using drugs
The main treatment lies in non -short anti -anti -inflammatory drugs.Other means are used to improve cartilage power and contribute to their gradual restoration.The most demonstrated in this sense are drugs based on glucosamine and chondroitin.To accelerate the treatment, it is possible to use special creams and ointments that have a local effect.
It is worth noting that painful and antipyretic drugs without prescription are very dangerous.This treatment can negatively affect the condition of the stomach, liver and heart.Recently, drugs are produced with minimal negative effects, according to some producers, these drugs can be used for several months.
Gymnastics and physiotherapy
Other methods of treatment can improve blood flow and therefore feeding the cartilage.To strengthen ligaments and muscles, special exercises are prescribed.But the effect of gymnastics will be only in the early stages, when the joint changed a little.The exercises are selected strictly individually, depending on the severity of the patient's disease and physical abilities.
These exercises are integrated by physiotherapy procedures in large quantities.Magnetotherapy and laser therapy, UHF, electrophore, ultrasound and much more are used.
Injections
In the final phase, in which physiotherapy and laser do not help to relieve pain, they resort to injection in the joint cavity.Preparations based on hyaluronic acid increases the regenerative properties of cartilage.However, often this treatment leads to the complete uselessness of cartilage.
Endopropostetic
The endoprothetic of the knee joint is an extreme measure that is performed when it is not possible to sleep normally and move.
Prevention
Arthosis often occurs in old age, so its prevention must be engaged in the young man, especially after 30 years.For this you need:
- Do not overload the knee joint and provide a rational load on the feet.
- Don't wear weights.
- Eat well.
- Guide an active lifestyle.
- Over time, he takes care of all inflammatory and infectious diseases in the body.
- Checking the body weight, since due to the excess weight to the knee joint is a very strong load.
- Do not overload the joints.
- Avoid knee lesions.
- When playing sports, put on special knees.
- With a constant load on the knees, regularly make car -massa.
